Titlebook: Road Pricing, the Economy and the Environment; Chris Jensen-Butler,Birgitte Sloth,Otto Anker Niel Book 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelb

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Outwit

1430-9602 .This volume is a collection of research papers on the use of road pricing. The focus is on passenger transport, and the papers cover a wide range of approaches, including theoretical modelling and empirical studies of road pricing experience from different cities..978-3-642-09587-0978-3-540-77150-0Series ISSN 1430-9602 Series E-ISSN 2197-9375

雀斑

,Road Pricing in Europe — A Review of Research and Practice,s chapter is the importance of institutional implementation issues, including political acceptability. These questions have been given too little attention both in research and in actual attempts to implement road-pricing measures.

Felicitous

Road Pricing: Consequences for Traffic, Congestion and Location,antial reduction in vehicle distance travelled. For the zone-based system, traffic volumes in the inner city of Stockholm are predicted to decrease by 30% for charged hours at a charge level equivalent to 3 SEK/km. For the distance-based system, traffic volumes in the inner city are predicted to be

松緊帶

Implementation Paths for Marginal Cost-Based Pricing in Urban Transport: Theoretical Considerations are presented, which seek an optimal compromise between the theoretically ideal approach and a pragmatic approach (of ‘fully arbitrary’ IPs). We believe the results are indicative of what one might expect to encounter along a realistic IP, but at the same time acknowledge that the IPs presented are

paroxysm

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多節(jié)

Assessing the Impacts of Traffic Air Pollution on Human Exposure and Health,y-developed models have been applied, including the regional scale model DEHM, the Urban background model UBM and the street pollution model OSPM. These models are briefly described here. However, one of the major difficulties in exposure modelling is to obtain proper input data for the calculations

Instinctive

Anticonvulsants

,Car Users’ Trade-Offs Between Time, Trip Length, Cost and Road Pricing in Behavioural Models,with road pricing. It is shown that the design of the experiment seriously affects the result especially with respect to VoT. It is then shown how the income variable and distributed coefficients (taste variation) can improve the model fit and its behavioural accuracy. The model structure obtained c