Titlebook: Relativistic Quantum Mechanics and Introduction to Field Theory; Francisco J. Ynduráin Textbook 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 199

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Massive Particles with Spin 1. Massless Spin 1 Particle: Photon Wave Functions. Particles with High four-vector, .(.). This wave function has one component too many, so we will have to subject it to a supplementary condition. As we shall see in a moment, the one leading to correct interpretation is that of (four-) transversality, ? · .(.) = 0. .(.) will also have to verify the Klein—Gordon equation, so that we have, in natural units . = . = 1,

ULCER

Spin 1/2 Particles, is also positive definite, denoted by +(. + .).. Other square roots become possible if we give up positive definiteness. This may appear to spoil the theory by allowing negative energies; but, if the operator is Hermitean, states corresponding to negative energies will be orthogonal to positive-ene

Vulnerary

Truculent

Massive Particles with Spin 1. Massless Spin 1 Particle: Photon Wave Functions. Particles with Highsformations a three-vector will develop a fourth component; therefore, to describe a relativistic particle with spin 1 (and mass . ≠ 0) we will need a four-vector, .(.). This wave function has one component too many, so we will have to subject it to a supplementary condition. As we shall see in a mo

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General Description of Relativistic States,ct. 8), there is little doubt that the wave function formalism for relativistic particles is not quite satisfactory. First of all, the meaning of the variables . and . in a wave function .(.,.) is unclear; as we will show, . does not represent the position for a Dirac particle, and in fact a positio

motivate

Quantum Fields: Spin 0, 1/2, 1. Covariant Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field,t provide a consistent description of physical reality. There are a number of reasons for this. Some are empirical: in any process at high energy, particles are created; therefore a wave function formalism, where the number of particles stays constant in time, will not be appropriate. Moreover, even

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