Titlebook: Endocrinology of Cardiovascular Function; Ellis R. Levin,Jerry L. Nadler Book 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1998 Angiotens

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Sex Steroids and Endothelinprevalence cf cardiovascular disease is significantly less in premenopausal women than inagematched men. There is an approximate 10 year time lag in the development of coronary artery disease in premenopausal women compared to men, however, this gap appears to narrow after the menopause (., .). Such

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Effects of Sex Steroids in Vascular Injurych lower in premenopausal women than in age matched men, but rises steadily in women after the menopause (.). Epidemiologic and observational clinical studies have shown that postmenopausal women on estrogen replacement therapy have less severe coronary artery disease and a lower risk of cardiovascu

bronchodilator

Angiotensin II, Growth Factors and the Lipoxygenase Pathway balloon angioplasty. These processes are mainly mediated by growth factors and cytokines released by various cells in the vessel wall. However, the role of free lipids in these events are not very clear. Vascular smooth muscle cell growth factors and cytokines can activate phospholipases with the r

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engrave

AT1 versus AT2 receptorgulating blood presure and hydromineral homeostasis. This octapeptide is generated by cleavage of the aminoterminus of the substrate angiotensinogen, a 60 kDa liver protein belonging to the serine protease inhibitor family, by the aspartyl protease renin, produced by the kidney juxtaglomerular appar

engrave

Physiology of Natriuretic Peptidesa unique 17 amino acid residue ring structure (Fig 1) which largely confers bioactivity and specificity (.). Originally isolated from rat atrial muscle extracts (.), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was the first of the family to be identified and characterised as a circulating hormone responsive to

overture

Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) Effects on Ca2+ and Nitric Oxide in Diabetesof the cardiovascular system, regulate a number of important physiological functions [1-60]. There is also emerging evidence that abnormalities in the actions of these peptides contributed to disease states such as diabetes mellitus. This chapter reviews our current understanding of mechanisms by wh

斑駁

Protein Glycation and Diabetic Vascular Disease as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and atherosclerotic vascular disease [.]. Despite continuing improvements in the management of diabetic glucose control, these severe and lifethreatening end-organ complications continue to develop in many patients. Both insulin-dependent and non-insulin dep

cumulative