Titlebook: Voting in a Hybrid Regime; Explaining the 2018 Ali Riaz Book 2019 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license

輕信

Mutation of Hybrid Regime and Quo Vadis Bangladesh,s? The first has remained unexplored in the extant literature on hybrid regimes. This chapter argues that the hybrid regime has the possibility of mutating into an authoritarian system of governance. As for the future of Bangladeshi politics, two scenarios are considered: further sliding toward auth

細(xì)微的差異

mighty

Introduction,analyzing the 2018 parliamentary election in Bangladesh which delivered an unprecedented victory for the incumbent Bangladesh Awami League (BAL). The chapter also summarizes the key arguments of the remaining eight chapters of the book.

BIPED

激怒某人

Crayon

strain

Manufacturing a Climate of Fear, Existing draconian laws were used and new restrictive laws were introduced to curb online activities. Two non-partisan grassroots movements were quelled through heavy-handed measures. This chapter describes the overall fearful situation before the election cycle began.

exorbitant

The Mechanism of Manipulation, and candidates, allowing the ruling party activists to attack the rivals in the presence of police, adopting a double standard in disqualification of candidates were the tactics used. Besides, there is credible evidence that ballots in favor of ruling party candidates were stuffed in the ballot box the previous night.

可忽略

The Election Day: Fear, Exclusion, and Persecution Come Together, election, delayed permission to the international observers, practically ensuring no monitoring. The chapter provides a case study of one seat where the pre-election and election day manipulation strategies came together.

Pert敏捷

Does Election Matter in a Hybrid Regime?,ther participation in these elections is worth for opposition.?This chapter discusses the pros and cons of participation in the election in a hybrid regime, draws on various countries’ experiences, and describes the situation in Bangladesh leading to the 2018 election.