Titlebook: Veterinary Oncology; A Short Textbook Robert Klopfleisch Textbook 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 animal tumors.cli

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Basic Principles of Carcinogenesis,carcinogenesis does not seem to follow a predictable pattern; often the process is quite unique. But we can identify several universal features of this process, as presented in the hallmark model by Hanahan et al. (2011). According to this model, tumors are characterized by the following .:

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Hepatobiliary Tumors, be involved in bile duct carcinoma development, but they are unlikely to be a major carcinogen. Toxins, including aflatoxin, induce hepatocellular carcinomas, but reports are restricted to experimental data. In contrast to humans, an association between hepatic tumors and cirrhosis or cholelithiasis is not confirmed in animals.

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Alimentary Tumors,n the presumed cell of origin (e.g. adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, fibromas). Alimentary tumors in cats, dogs and large animals share some similarities in terms of clinical signs, diagnostic modalities, therapy and prognostic factors.

PLIC

Basic Principles of Carcinogenesis,carcinogenesis does not seem to follow a predictable pattern; often the process is quite unique. But we can identify several universal features of this process, as presented in the hallmark model by Hanahan et al. (2011). According to this model, tumors are characterized by the following .:

SPECT

Basic Principles of Cancer Diagnostics, for initial diagnosis, for generating a treatment plan, and for evaluating the success of treatment. The modalities most commonly used in veterinary oncology are ultrasound, x-ray radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Each method has its advantages and disadva

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