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Titlebook: The Logic of Multiparty Systems; Manfred J. Holler Book 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1987 Legislative.Parliament.Parties an

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書目名稱The Logic of Multiparty Systems
編輯Manfred J. Holler
視頻videohttp://file.papertrans.cn/914/913248/913248.mp4
叢書名稱International Studies in Economics and Econometrics
圖書封面Titlebook: The Logic of Multiparty Systems;  Manfred J. Holler Book 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1987 Legislative.Parliament.Parties an
描述What determines the number of political parties in a democracy? Electoral rules certainly influence the incentives to create and maintain parties. However, a society‘s political culture can maintain parties despite electoral rules that give them poor prospects of success. Thus, comparing the number of parties and differences in electoral rules across countries cannot clearly test the effect of the electoral rules. A better test would examine a society with a fairly continuous political culture, but a change in electoral rules. Postwar France is such a society. While the basic social order has not changed, there was a drastic change in the electoral system in 1958, which theory implies would reduce the number of parties. Thus we can test the hypothesis that the number of parties fell with the change in electoral system. We can also calculate an " equivalent number of parties· to see how closely France approached a two - party system under the new regime. The first section describes the electoral rules under the Fourth and Fifth Republics. The second section develops a model that indicates how the change in electoral rules should have affected the incentives for multiple parties. The
出版日期Book 1987
關(guān)鍵詞Legislative; Parliament; Parties and party system; Party; Sozialdemokratische Partei Europas; gesch?ftsor
版次1
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3607-2
isbn_softcover978-94-010-8114-6
isbn_ebook978-94-009-3607-2Series ISSN 0924-5170
issn_series 0924-5170
copyrightMartinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1987
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0924-5170 th Republics. The second section develops a model that indicates how the change in electoral rules should have affected the incentives for multiple parties. The978-94-010-8114-6978-94-009-3607-2Series ISSN 0924-5170
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International Studies in Economics and Econometricshttp://image.papertrans.cn/t/image/913248.jpg
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3607-2Legislative; Parliament; Parties and party system; Party; Sozialdemokratische Partei Europas; gesch?ftsor
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Kristien Hens,Raymond Langenbergvariants using preference-based relations for fitness assignment. Executions were carried-out for the DTLZ problem suite, and the obtained solutions were compared using the generational distance metric. Experimental results show that the proposed shape-based partition achieves competitive results wh
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-20248-6nce, various adjustments to the existing Dai-Liao family of conjugate gradient methods have been explored. These modifications are based on the Moreau-Yosida regularization approach and result in search directions that conform to the sufficient descent property and are confined to a suitable trust r
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