Titlebook: Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; Methods and Protocol Serena Germano Book 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 Aberrant expression.

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Analysis of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Gene Amplification on the Example of , aberrations (deletions and amplifications) and structural aberrations (translocations and fusions) are detectable. Probes bind complementary to the DNA strand of the region of interest. Subsequently, the probes are detected via fluorochromes and appear as colored dots that can be assessed under the

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Quantification of the Effects of Mutations on Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) Activation in Mammalianotocol for the quantification of the effect of mutations on RTK activation in mammalian cells. The activation measurements are based on Western blotting, and involve direct comparison of receptor phosphorylation under conditions that ensure identical expression of wild-type and mutant receptors.

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Studying N-Linked Glycosylation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinasessecondary pathway to glycolysis, hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). HBP provides substrate for N-linked glycosylation, which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. N-linked glycosylation supports protein folding and correct sorting of proteins to plasma membrane and secreti

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Downregulation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Through Ubiquitination: Analysis by Immunodetectionuate signal transduction. Ubiquitination is a critical step involved in the downregulation of RTK signaling. Here, we describe how to immunodetect the ligand-induced ubiquitination and degradation of TrkA, an RTK, by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting.

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Human Tumor Xenografts in Mouse as a Model for Evaluating Therapeutic Efficacy of Monoclonal Antibodlogy. Currently, numerous therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are under preclinical development. The potential for moving candidate antibodies into clinical trials relies heavily on therapeutic efficacy validated by human tumor xenografts in mice. Here we describe methods used to determine therapeutic

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Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Targeting in Multicellular Spheroidss becoming increasingly popular. This is due to the understanding that cells grown as spheroids tend to replicate the in vivo situation more reliably than monolayer cells. Thus, the use of multicellular spheroids may be more clinically relevant than monolayer cell cultures. Here, we describe methods

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