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Titlebook: Political Parties and Electoral Clientelism; Sergiu Gherghina,Miroslav Nem?ok Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), u

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發(fā)表于 2025-3-23 11:26:23 | 只看該作者
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發(fā)表于 2025-3-23 16:49:10 | 只看該作者
Sergiu Gherghina,Miroslav Nem?okil des Friedrich-Ebert-Gymnasiums (FEG) in Bonn. Die Schule verfolgt das Ziel, gleichzeitig eine Breiten-und eine Spitzenf?rderung der Schülerinnen und Schüler zu erreichen, die im Folgenden dargestellt werden soll. In zwei Schulversuchen wurde seit 1987 ein besonderes Profil mit internationalen Abs
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發(fā)表于 2025-3-23 18:07:57 | 只看該作者
Sergiu Gherghina,Miroslav Nem?okksamkeit in der ersten Fokussierung insbesondere auf die Jugendlichen gelenkt, die über so geringe Kompetenzen in den gemessenen Dom?nen verfügen, dass sie — und dies ist individuell wie gesellschaftlich gleicherma?en relevant — deutliche Probleme beim übergang in eine anschlussf?hige und zufriedene
14#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 01:24:45 | 只看該作者
Political Parties, State Resources and Electoral Clientelism,e buying to sophisticated exchanges in which the relationship between patrons (parties or candidates) and clients (voters) is sometimes difficult to grasp. We address the question how do the distributive politics and electoral clientelism interact, how these forms of interactions differ across vario
15#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 02:29:11 | 只看該作者
,Clientelism and Distributive Politics in Australia: Comparing Partisan Pork Barrel with Contingency?Based Vote?Buying,ountries around the world. However, the rise of secret ballots, civil service protocols for public employment, and fiscal restrictions have all limited its efficacy as a tool of electoral influence, especially in modern, advanced democracies. This has promoted new, indirect variants of clientelism,
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發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 08:36:48 | 只看該作者
17#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 10:41:40 | 只看該作者
,Authoritarian Clientelism: The Case of the President’s ‘Creatures’ in Cameroon,hone Africa. Our argument is that, in spite of the repeated efforts of reinforcing the local power structures, we have witnessed a process of centralisation of clientelism: the new networks are shaped around the ‘Creatures’, who are the President Paul Biya’s formal or informal appointees and play th
18#
發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 18:27:02 | 只看該作者
Coordinating the Machine: Subnational Political Context and the Effectiveness of Machine Politics,oordination of machine politics can be much more complex and problem-prone than previously thought. Yet, the role that the subnational political context plays in solving these coordination problems has largely been neglected in the comparative literature. This article seeks to fill this gap and sugg
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發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 21:06:18 | 只看該作者
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發(fā)表于 2025-3-24 23:49:02 | 只看該作者
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