Titlebook: Oxygen Isotopes of Inorganic Phosphate in Environmental Samples; Purification and Ana Joseph Adu-Gyamfi,Verena Pfahler Book‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ 2022 IA

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978-3-030-97499-2IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency 2022

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,The Use of the δ18OP to Study P Cycling in the Environment,oring P pollution in natural environments using stable isotopes has been difficult because P has only one stable isotope (.P) making the use of P stable isotope tracing not an option. Radioactive P isotopes (.P and .P) have been used but its drawbacks are the short half-life, health risks and safety

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Extraction Protocol, prerequisite for a successful study. Likewise, for most environmental samples, including water, soil, sediment and plant samples, it is crucial that the samples are processed as soon as possible after they have been taken to avoid any alterations of the original δ.O. signature. This is especially t

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Purification Protocol,ving organic matter and are concentrating the phosphate in the extract by reducing the volume. Certain cations could interfere with the precipitation of silver phosphate and are removed in step A3. Silver chloride, which, if not removed, could co-precipitate with silver phosphate, is removed in step

COMMA

Modifications and Issues During Purification, purification protocol, issues might occur. The three modifications suggested include (1) adjustments in pH, (2) magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation and (3) reductions, prior to A1, of cations like iron (Fe), silica (Si) and calcium (Ca) which could cause interferences during the purifi

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,How to Design a Study Including the Analysis of δ18OP,in the observations and (4) test the hypothesis based on the data collected. The following questions should be addressed when designing a study including the analysis of δ.OP: (i) what is the research hypothesis? (ii) what is the main objective of the study? (iii) what are the aims to address these

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Conclusions and Way Forward,tory comparison study for the purification protocol as well as the measurement of silver phosphate with the TC/EA-IRMS like Watzinger et al. (.) did. For the δ.O. method to progress, further fundamental research as well as field and laboratory studies need to be conducted. To the best of our knowled