Titlebook: Open-Channel Flow; M. Hanif Chaudhry Textbook 20082nd edition Springer-Verlag US 2008 MacCormack scheme.Preissman scheme.Profil.calculus.c

BYRE

Basic Concepts,open or closed at the top. The structures with closed tops are referred to as . and those with the top open are called .. For example, tunnels and pipes are closed conduits whereas rivers, streams, estuaries etc. are open channels. The flow in an open channel or in a closed conduit having a free sur

abstemious

上漲

惡臭

Uniform Flow,m slope is negative), whereas the shear stressat the channel bottom and sides offers resistance to flow. Depending upon the relative magnitude of these accelerating and decelerating forces, the flow may accelerate or decelerate. For example, if the resistive force is more than the component of the w

aneurysm

Gradually Varied Flow,e., the channel cross section and bottom slope do not change with distance). In real-life projects, however, channel cross sections and bottom slopes are not constant with distance in natural channels and these are varied in constructed channels to suit the existing topographical conditions for econ

linguistics

epidermis

向下五度才偏

Computation of Rapidly Varied Flow,lway chutes, conveyance channels, sewer systems, and outlet works. Unlike the case of gradually varied flows, a number of difficulties, such as the formation of roll waves, air entrainment, and cavitation, are encountered in the analysis of these flows. In addition, instabilities may develop if the

出沒

駕駛