Titlebook: Nuclei in the Cosmos; Heinz Oberhummer Textbook 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1991 Astronomie.Astrophysik.Kosmologie.Sternentwick

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Direct Reaction Mechanism in Astrophysically Relevant Processes,ions not only power the energy production in stars, but they are also responsible for the concept of nucleosynthesis, i.e. the creation of the elements. Theoretical models for the description of these nuclear processes are essential because in most cases it is not possible to determine reaction rate

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,Nuclear Reaction Rates — from Laboratory Experiments and in the Stellar Plasma,the abundancies of the elements and their isotopes as we observe them in nature. Both goals are closely related as nuclear processes have been identified as the enormous energy source which stabilizes the stars and governs their evolution by transmuting nuclear species into other nuclear species wit

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Abundances in Galaxies, is affected by nucleosynthesis in the Big Bang and in former generations of stars and by many aspects of the evolution of galaxies. A rough scheme for the resulting “chemical evolution” of the Galaxy (GCE) is shown in Fig. 1, and some observational data on H II regions and relatively unevolved star

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Nuclei in Cosmic Rays,ause of the residual ionization of air which persisted even behind the most massive shielding. For this purpose he performed several balloon flights with an instrument which we should now call an ionization chamber. Most of these flights were launched from the site of the “K. u. K. ?sterreichischen

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Production of Heavy Elements in Inhomogeneous Cosmologies,t was roughly 10 .s old. If this change is due to a first order phase transition, baryon density inhomogeneities can be produced and survive until nucleosynthesis. At that point they can affect the primordial abundances resulting from element formation in the early universe. In this article we under

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The s-Process: Branchings and Chronometers,ance of an unstable isotope or of its daughter nucleus with the original abundance by which they were produced in the slow neutron capture process (.-process). The identification and discussion of potential chronometers requires appropriate models for the .-process, which serve a twofold purpose: th

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Narrative

0938-037X which has developed only in this century, it has answered many questions concerning the under- standing of our cosmos. One of these great achievements was the concept of nucleosynthesis, the creation of the elements in the early universe in interstellar matter and in stars. Nuclear astrophysics has

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,Nuclear Reaction Rates — from Laboratory Experiments and in the Stellar Plasma,h lower total mass, thus simultaneously creating new elements. It is therefore not surprising that studies of stellar evolution require as input the reaction rates for those nuclear processes which are part of the network of many nuclear reactions taking place at each stage of stellar evolution.