Titlebook: Non-Neuronal Mechanisms of Brain Damage and Repair After Stroke; Jun Chen,John H. Zhang,Xiaoming Hu Book 2016 Springer International Publi

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Microglia: A Double-Sided Sword in Strokeschemic stroke. Microglia express a wide range of surface receptors, which control the “On” or “Off” responses of microglia and maintain their functional homeostasis. Upon activation, these highly plastic cells may assume diverse phenotypes and play dualistic roles in brain injury and recovery. In t

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The Peripheral Immune Response to Strokes has led to attribute “immunological privilege” to the CNS, a term first coined by Billingham and Boswell [1]. Already in the nineteenth century the Dutch ophthalmologist van Dooremaal [2] described the phenomenon of immune privilege by demonstrating the long-term survival of mouse skin grafts plac

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Regulatory T Cells in Ischemic Brain Injurys—particularly pro-inflammatory T cells—invading the ischemic brain contribute to post-stroke neuroinflammation and exacerbation of stroke outcome. However, a subpopulation of T cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), are potent immunosuppressant cells involved in resolution of tissue inflammation and hav

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Mast Cell as an Early Responder in Ischemic Brain Injuryep cerebral structures. MCs are most commonly regarded as key effectors in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and anaphylaxis, but have been linked to a number of chronic diseases with an autoimmune component in their pathophysiology. MCs produce effects by rapid release or . synthesis of various

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Roles of Neutrophils in Strokeen ischemic brain injury occurs, neutrophils rapidly respond promoting blood brain barrier disruption, cerebral edema, and brain injury. They release reactive oxygen species, proteases, and cytokines through interactions with the cerebral endothelium. Neutrophils also are involved in the major cause

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