Titlebook: Neuroimmune Circuits, Drugs of Abuse, and Infectious Diseases; Herman Friedman,Thomas W. Klein,John J. Madden Book 2001 The Editor(s) (if

有花

Genetic Factors Involved in Central Nervous System/Immune Interactions,mune disease and addiction. In this article we review the evidence for this hypothesis and describe our ongoing efforts to genetically characterize these traits. We have mapped the locations of 23 loci that regulate autoimmune disease in rats, and are currently constructing QTL congenic lines in whi

inflate

Morphine Upregulates Kappa-opioid Receptors of Human Lymphocytes,s, as especially evident in HIV-infected patients. Morphine acts on the immune cells primarily through its binding to . opioid receptors on the plasma membrane. However, morphine modulation of immune functions still exists in .-opioid receptor knockout mice, suggesting that in addition to the . opio

惡臭

Effects of Morphine on T-cell Recirculation in Rhesus Monkeys,ed biphasic depressive effects on circulating lymphocyte levels. Depression of T cell circulation by opiates actually was a relative effect. Morphine exposure basically stabilized T cell circulation in the context of concurrent increases in controls. Biphasic effects of morphine were attributable to

Itinerant

Opiates Promote T Cell Apoptosis Through JNK and Caspase Pathway,orphine and DAGO ([D-Ala.,N-Me-Phe.,Gly.-ol]enkephalin) enhanced T cell apoptosis. Morphine as well as DAGO activated c-Jun .-. kinase (JNK) in T cells. Moreover, opiates increased the expression of ATF-2, a specific substrate for JNK and P38 mitogen activated kinases (MAPK). Furthermore, opiates at

Nebulous

rs the development of the new disciplinary focus on space-ti.Time has become an increasingly important topic in urban studies and urban planning. The spatial-temporal interplay is not only of relevance for the theory of urban development and urban politics, but also for urban planning and governance

sparse

Phillip K. Peterson,Genya Gekker,Shuxian Hu,Philip S. Portoghese,Wen S. Sheng,James R. Lokensgardtheory of urban development and urban politics, but also for urban planning and governance. The space-time approach focuses on the human being with its various habits and routines in the city. Understanding and taking those habits into account in urban planning and public policies offers a new way t

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Sharon M. Harrold,Joanna M. Dragic,Sarah L. Brown,Cristian L. Achimrs the development of the new disciplinary focus on space-ti.Time has become an increasingly important topic in urban studies and urban planning. The spatial-temporal interplay is not only of relevance for the theory of urban development and urban politics, but also for urban planning and governance