Titlebook: Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing; Molecules, Neurons, Laszlo Zaborszky,Floris G. Wouterlood,José Luis La Textbook 2006Latest edition Springer

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Molecules and Membrane Activity: Single-Cell RT-PCR and Patch-Clamp Recording from Central Neurons,and single-cell reverse-transcription/polymerase chain reaction (scRT-PCR). A simple scRT-PCR protocol can be used to identify neurons by the expression of phenotypic marker mRNAs. The combination of these methods allows for the correlation of functional properties with molecular expression. Somewha

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Nonradioactive In Situ Hybridization in Combination with Tract-Tracing, central nervous system. Riboprobes have been used in the past to identify neuropeptide precursors, distribution of receptors, ion channels, and enzymes. More recently, the discovery of unambiguous markers for the major ionotropic transmitters has made possible the definitive identification of neuro

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Viral Tracers for the Analysis of Neural Circuits,rain Bartha, an attenuated form of a pig alphaherpesvirus, is an excellent retrograde transneuronal tracer for labeling neural networks. This virus is transported from the axon terminal to the cell body of an infected neuron and enters the nucleus. There, it replicates, producing progeny virions tha

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Dextran Amines: Versatile Tools for Anterograde and Retrograde Studies of Nervous System Connectiviverse fixatives, they are ideal for various light and electron microscopic studies. They can be iontophoretically or pressure-injected, and then depending on the type of dextran amine used and the type of detection method, visualized by transmitted light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, or elect

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Multiple Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing: Approaches for Multiple Tract-Tracing,many new methods for axonal tracing and cell labeling have been introduced. Neuroanatomical tracing applied as an isolated method produces relatively straightforward answers, for instance, whether there is connectivity from compartment Y in nucleus A to layer X in area B. However, questions that dea

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