Titlebook: Manias, Panics, and Crashes; A History of Financi Robert Z. Aliber,Charles P. Kindleberger Book 20157th edition The Editor(s) (if applicabl

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The Anatomy of a Typical Crisis,d its antecedents. History is particular; economics is general. The business cycle is a standard feature of market economies; increases in investment spending lead to increases in household incomes and in GDP growth rates. Macroeconomics focuses on the explanations for the cyclical variations in the

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,The Critical Stage — When the Bubble is About to Pop,c boom and then euphoria develops; the prices of securities and real estate increase rapidly, much more rapidly than GDP. Then there is a pause in the pace of these increases in the price of securities. A few savvy or lucky investors sell some of their securities to park their speculative gains in a

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,International Contagion 1618–1930,ges in indebtedness and the prices of securities in the boom that precedes each of these crises. The second is the connection that links the crises that occur at about the same time in different countries — why did Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina have banking crises in the summer of 1982 and why did I

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Euromania and Eurocrash,ommon currency for Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and most other countries that were members of the European Union (EU). Eleven of the fourteen EU member countries adopted the euro on 1 January 1999; Britain and Denmark chose to retain their currencies. More than ten countries subsequently have join