Titlebook: Laparoscopic Surgery; A Colloquium Ronald C. Merrell (Lampman Professor and Chairman) Conference proceedings 1999 Springer-Verlag New York,

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Bile Duct Injuriese injuries occur during cholecystectomy, which is the most common operation of the digestive system. Langenbuch performed the first cholecystectomy in 1882, after which the number of cholecystectomies increased rapidly, inevitably increasing the number of complications. Iatrogenic bile duct injuries

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Anatomy and Clinical Outcomes in Surgery for Esophageal Refluxleft lobe of the liver, the left triangular ligament, the gastrophrenic ligament the phrenoesophageal ligament, the caudate lobe of liver, the anterior vagus with its hepatic branch, the right posterior vagus nerve, the distal esophagus, the left and right crura of the diaphragm, the stomach, spleen

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Laparoscopic Transhiatal Esophagectomyphageal resection became the preferred modality. Nevertheless, the morbidity of the transthoracic approach eventually led to a reintroduction of the transhiatal approach by Orringer in 1978.. Institution- specific and multiinstitution studies since that time have failed to provide a consistent pictu

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Laparoscopic Ulcer Surgeryviously dominated the clinical practice of a generation of abdominal surgeons. The incidence of the disease has changed and significant advances have been made in our understanding of its pathogenesis. Medical treatment and indications for surgery and surgical treatment have also changed. Elective o

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Laparoscopic Band Plication for the Treatment of Morbid Obesityntemporary disease that inflicts all social classes. In the United States approximately 12 million people are morbidly obese, whereas 3–5% of the American population will develop serious and life-threatening complications related to their obesity..

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