Titlebook: Landforms of the Earth; An Illustrated Guide Francisco Gutiérrez,Mateo Gutiérrez Book 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 20

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Arctic

Weathering Landforms,ocesses may involve fragmentation, chemical and mineralogical changes or even the incorporation of the main constituents of the material into meteoric waters as solutes. Most rocks have formed under different conditions to those found in the near-surface environments where they exist now. Weathering

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Fluvial Landforms,rms cover an enormous range of dimensions, from small features like rills to major continental-scale morpho-hydrological units like large rivers and their drainage basins. The River Nile is 6,650 km long and the drainage basin of the Amazon River covers 7,050,000 km., an area almost as big as Austra

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Coastal Landforms, reef development, generate depositional and erosional landforms. The coastline is the land margin defined by the normal high spring tides. It is estimated that the total length of the coastline in the world is more than a million kilometres long. The coasts can be divided into different zones accor

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Glacial Landforms,. They form mainly in high latitudes (polar regions) and highly elevated mountain environments, where snowfall is higher than snowmelt. As snow accumulates, it progressively increases in density transforming into firn (density 0.4–0.8 g/cm.) and then into glacier ice (0.8–0.9 g/cm.). This transforma

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Desert and Aeolian Landforms,rding to the degree of aridity, as a measure of moisture availability. The aridity index, given by the ratio between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, is used to differentiate between hyperarid (<0.05), arid (0.05–0.2) and semiarid regions (0.2–0.5). According to this criterion, around