Titlebook: Lagrangian Optics; Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan,Ajoy K. Ghatak,K. Thyag Book 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2002 adaptive opt

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溫和女孩

,Fermat’s Principle,n either of the fields. One of the most basic analogy is between the Fermat’s principle in optics and the Hamilton’s principle of least action in classical mechanics [.]. As in classical mechanics, we can use either the Lagrangian or the Hamiltonian formulations to further study properties of light

Cognizance

The Optical Lagrangian and the Ray Equation,grangian, the integration is over time, ..(.=,2,…) represent the generalized coordinates and dots represent differentiation with respect to time. Equation (1) is referred to as the Hamilton’s principle of least action. From {zyEq.(1)|33-1} it is possible to derive the Lagrange’s equations of motion

interlude

Ray Paths in Bent Waveguides,ems [.–.]. When rays in multimode waveguides encounter bends there are radiation losses; these losses are either by refraction or by tunneling. The fractional loss of power when a ray is reflected from an outer caustic along the ray path is usually calculated by using the WKB method. Hence it is ess

locus-ceruleus

鐵砧

Geometrical Theory of Third-Order Aberrations,proximation, i.e., the rays forming the image were assumed to lie infinitesimally close to the axis and to make infinitesimally small angles with it. It was found that the images of point objects were perfect, i.e., all rays starting from a given object point were found to intersect at . point, whic

Induction

圓桶

COST

guzzle

Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan,Ajoy K. Ghatak,K. Thyagarajan