Titlebook: Kompakt Edition: Transport; Elemente - Managemen Harald Glei?ner,J. Christian Femerling Textbook 2016 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2016 Lo

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Harald Glei?ner,J. Christian Femerlingacidosis. A perplexing problem has been the observation that despite an increase in renal ammoniagenesis from glutamine known to occur in acidosis in vivo, glutamine metabolism in vitro was depressed by acid pH [1–3], probably by inhibition of phosphate-dependent glutaminase [4]. Although glutamine

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y grow in size, proliferate, and produce effector molecules, all of which represent energetically demanding processes. Failure to meet the energetic and biosynthetic demands may lead to immune dysfunction and disease. A common feature of immune cell activation is increased uptake and utilization of

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Harald Glei?ner,J. Christian Femerling[23], showing that glutamine was vigorously oxidized to C0. by incubated ileal tissue from several laboratory animal species, appears to be the first reported indication that glutamine may be a preferred substrate for intestine. These studies seem to have attracted little attention, however, perhaps

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Harald Glei?ner,J. Christian Femerling enzyme for 2-oxoglutarate was decreased at acid pH values. Moreover, additional studies from our laboratory demonstrated that renal glutamine metabolism was accelerated by hydrogen ions in the presence, but not in the absence, of 2-oxoglutarate, suggesting an important role for this metabolite in t

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Harald Glei?ner,J. Christian Femerling enzyme for 2-oxoglutarate was decreased at acid pH values. Moreover, additional studies from our laboratory demonstrated that renal glutamine metabolism was accelerated by hydrogen ions in the presence, but not in the absence, of 2-oxoglutarate, suggesting an important role for this metabolite in t

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so serve as a biosynthetic precursor for arginine, and is able to support nitric oxide synthesis when arginine levels are low. In neutrophils, glutamine is required for production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, but also for maintaining pools of reduced glutathione, helping maintain neutrop