Titlebook: Ion-Selective Microelectrodes and Their Use in Excitable Tissues; Eva Syková,Pavel Hník,Ladislav Vyklicky Book 1981 Plenum Press, New York

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Intracellular Electrochemical Potentials: Skeletal Muscle ,. Epithelial Steady-State ,. Kineticsion. Direct and reliable determination of the in-situ ionic composition of the intracellular environment is an essential prerequisite for our understanding of such basic phenomena as transmembrane electrical potentials, enzyme activity and membrane transport.

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Measurement of Intracellular Calcium Activities1-ethoxycarbonyl)undecyl N,N′ 4,5 tetramethyl-3,6-dioxaoctane diacid diamide designed and synthetized by Simon (Simon et al., 1978). We have developed a liquid ion-exchanger microelectrode using this neutral carrier as the calcium selective component to measure intracellular Ca. activities in rat so

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pH Related Potassium Movements in Rabbit Atriumo and in vitro preparations (Adler and Fray, 1977). Potassium appears to leave the cells of both skeletal and cardiac muscle when extracellular acidosis is produced and to enter the cells under conditions of extracellular alkalosis. There has as yet been no explanation for the mechanism of the excha

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Intracellular Free Calcium Affects Electric Membrane Properties. A Study with Calcium-Selective Microne would wish to have a measure of steady state and transient changes of intracellular free Ca ([Ca].). Estimates by various methods suggest that the resting level of [Ca]. is at least 5 orders of magnitude lower than the value expected from a passive distribution (for review see Ashley and Campbel

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Measurement of Free Ca2+ in Nerve Cell Bodiesal to give the differential signal, and calculate from that the free ion concentration. In practice, particularly with Ca., it is not so straightforward and here we outline some of the problems to be overcome and precautions needed in obtaining believable data, and summarize some of the results we h

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Intracellular Recording of Potassium in Neurons of the Motor Cortex of Awake Cats Following Extracelinput resistance (Krnjevi? et al, 1971; Woody et al, 1976; Woody et al, 1978). These effects can be prevented by local application of atropine, a muscarinic blocking agent (Swartz and Woody, 1979). The cells that respond in this way include pyramidal cells of Layer V, the neurons whose axons form th

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Potassium Fluxes of Isolated Nerve Endings Monitored by a Valinomycin-Activated Ion-Selective Membraisms. Their ability to build up and maintain ionic gradients by active transport has been described by several groups. Synaptosomes have been shown to have membrane potentials (Blaustein and Holdring, 1975; Hanson et al., 1980) which could primarily be regarded as potassium diffusion potential (Blau

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Extracellular K+ Accumulation in the Spinal Cordeen used in recent years to show that normal neuronal activity causes K. to accumulate in the narrow clefts separating the cellular elements. However, it was not until the K. — selective microelectrodes with liquid ion exchanger — Corning code 477317 had been developed by J.L. Walker in 1971 that it