Titlebook: International Workshop on Superconducting Nano-Electronics Devices; SNED Proceedings, Na Jukka Pekola,Berardo Ruggiero,Paolo Silvestrini Co

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Noise in Refrigerating Tunnel Junctions and in Micorobolometers,ints on the construction of detectors. To minimize the noise and increase the response of the detectors, these experiments have to be carried out in space, at very low temperatures. A typical device, such as a bolometer or a calorimeter, consists of a thermal sensing element (TSE), connected to a he

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,Nonequilibrium Quasiparticles and Electron Cooling by Normal Metal — Superconductor Tunnel Junction Within a simple “semiconductor model” of a superconductor one can derive a cooling power of a single NIS junction [.]:.Here . is a positive absolute value of the electron charge, . is the normal state resistance of the NIS junction, . is the bias voltage, . is the energy of quasiparticles in the su

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,Nonequilibrium Quasiparticles and Electron Cooling by Normal Metal — Superconductor Tunnel Junctionperconductor, Δ is the superconducting gap. .. and .. are distribution functions in normal metal and superconductor respectively. In equilibrium these are Fermi functions. The cooling power . turns out to be positive if . < Δ/..

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混沌

Noise and Microwave Properties of Set-Transistors,imilar device, the electron pump, is made by connecting two or more islands in series through small tunnel junctions and varying the potential of each island in turn by gate electrodes. Pumps made this way can be very accurate, error rates of 10.have been demonstrated.4

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