Titlebook: Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology; Russell K. Hobbie,Bradley J. Roth Textbook 2015Latest edition Springer Nature Switzerland A

切碎

合唱隊

善變

Systems of Many Particles,he chemical potential governs their behavior. The Gibbs free energy is used to describe chemical reactions that take place at constant temperature and pressure. It is closely related to the chemical potential.

神秘

epicardium

Transport Through Neutral Membranes,es on each side of a membrane. Transport concepts are applied to ultrafiltration, dialysis, and countercurrent transport. The chapter ends with a detailed model of fluid and solute transport through a single pore.

convulsion

Impulses in Nerve and Muscle Cells,axon, called electrotonus, and the propagation of the action potential. The Hodgkin–Huxley model for the current through sodium and potassium ion channels is analyzed in detail. We explore the differences between propagation along unmyelinated and myelinated axons.

聲明

The Exterior Potential and the Electrocardiogram,f the anisotropic electrical properties of cardiac tissue. We analyze the electrical stimulation of nerves and muscle, including the strength-duration curve, and we apply these ideas to the implantable cardiac pacemaker. The chapter ends by discussing the electroencephalogram: the electrical potential produced by the brain.

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