Titlebook: Intensive Care Medicine; Annual Update 2009 Jean-Louis Vincent (Head) Conference proceedings 2009 Springer-Verlag New York 2009 Emergency M

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The Pivotal Role of Beta-adrenoreceptors in Critical Illness Pathophysiologyrked release of catecholamines. Despite several-fold increases in circulating catecholamines, which correlate with clinical outcome, there is a limited understanding of the receptor and cellular consequences of this fundamental critical illness response. Beta-adrenoreceptors are pivotal in the respo

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Rethinking Sepsis: New Insights from Gene Expression Profiling Studiestify this variability can result in the clinical trial being under-powdered to detect a treatment effect. For clinicians, failure to recognize variability can result in unintended toxicity or excessive harm in certain patients. Hence, understanding variability is critically important in both research and clinical practice.

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Lung Proteomics in Intensive Careteomics, ideally suited for biomarker discovery, is only just emerging as a field of research in intensive care and has, to date, mostly been applied to serumin studies of sepsis [.–.]. The purpose of this chapter is to overview the rationale, basics, methods, pitfalls, applications, and future directions for lung proteomics in intensive care.

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Endotoxin Tolerance: Mechanisms and Clinical Applicabilitybsequently curtail the immune response. Although pro-inflammatory cytokines are indispensable for the control of the growth and dissemination of the pathogen, excessive release of these cytokines, together with LPS-induced effects on endothelial cells, results in the clinical syndrome of septic shock and multiple organ failure.

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Measurement of Carbon Monoxide: From Bench to Bedsideoconstriction and systemic and pulmonary hypertension [.–.]. The initial evidence supporting a beneficial action of carbon monoxide originated from studies on lung injury in animals [.] and was reproduced later in other tissues, including the heart, liver, kidney, intestine and the reticulo-endothelial system [., .].

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Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Sepsis and Potential Anti-apoptotic Strategiesogical processes during sepsis over the last few years, apoptosis has been recognized as one of the key factors in the pathophysiology of sepsis [.]. As shown in several animal models, accelerated apoptosis seems to be induced in leukocytes and many immunocompetent cells during sepsis [., .]. Similar processes are involved in humans [.].

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Clarithromycin: A Promising Immunomodulator in Sepsisetter understand the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of sepsis. As a consequence, sepsis syndrome is now recognized as a complex entity created by an intense inflammatory reaction that is generated in the host after stimulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems by bacterial components [.].

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Conference proceedings 2009 are written by well recognized experts in the field of intensive care and emergency medicine. It is addressed to everyone involved in internal medicine, anesthesia, surgery, pediatrics, intensive care and emergency medicine..