Titlebook: Hox Genes; Studies from the 20t Jean S. Deutsch Book 2010 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Sprin

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Urs Schmidt-Ott,Ab. Matteen Rafiqi,Steffen Lemkethem. Readers will be aware that even apparently immutable facts are subject to occasional revision. We have attempted to present the ‘state of the art‘: most of the material is generally if not universally accepted. A particular problem arises with numerical information.978-1-4471-3313-1

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proved especially popular. Finally, and probably most importantly, many of the changes are those which have been suggested by readers and reviewers of the previous editions; this feedback has been invaluable to the authors and we now hope will be equally valuable to readers of the new edition. In th

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-Regulation in the , Bithorax Complexocation along the body axis. Consistent with this idea, homeotic genes have been shown to encode transcription factor proteins that control the activity of the many downstream targets to “realize” a developmental program. Here, we will review the first and perhaps, best characterized homeotic comple

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The Nematode Story: Hox Gene Loss and Rapid Evolutionus to those present in the ancestral bilaterian but absent from the model nematode. In some of these cases rapid sequence evolution of the homeodomain itself obscures orthology assignment until comparison is made with sequences from multiple nematode clades with slower evolving Hox genes. Across the

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Are the Deuterostome Posterior Hox Genes a Fast-Evolving Class?he animal phyla and the likely sequence of duplications that led to this distribution. I then introduce the idea of ‘deuterostome posterior flexibility’1 and examine this hypothesis in light of more recent phylogenetic and genomic work on the Hox cluster. Finally, I discuss some new approaches that

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Hox Genes and Brain Development in Drosophila by epigenetic mechanisms requiring the Polycomb group of genes. Many features of Hox gene action in . brain development are evolutionarily conserved and are manifest in brain development of vertebrates.