Titlebook: How Nature Works; the science of self- Per Bak Book 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1996 Natur.complex system.complex systems

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,The “Game of Life”: Complexity is Criticality,biological life. In the early days ofself-organized criticality, we did not think about biology at all; we had only inert dead matter in mind. However, this situation has radically changed. The story is one in three acts, to be told in the next three chapters, with more to follow. We have constructe

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Mass Extinctions and Punctuated Equilibria in a Simple Model of Evolution,e expressed as mathematical equations relating to physical observable quantities, there are no Darwin’s equations describing biological evolution in the language of rigorous mathematics, as my colleague and friend Henrik Flyvbjerg once eloquently pointed out. Therefore, it is a highly important matt

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The Brain, However, it is not necessarily so. We have seen that complex behavior can arise from models with a simple architecture through a process of self-organization. Perhaps the brain is also a fairly simple organ.

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mercialized and ultimately non-threatening reestablishment o.This collection of essays focuses on the representations of a variety of “bad girls”—women who challenge, refuse, or transgress the patriarchal limits intended to circumscribe them—in television, popular fiction, and mainstream film from t

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