Titlebook: Handbook of Orthopaedic Trauma Implantology; Arindam Banerjee,Peter Biberthaler,Saseendar Shanm Living reference work 20200th edition Imp

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Evolution of Intramedullary Nails for Long Bone Fractures in the Lower Limb,ow the biomechanical aspects of the implant for a good functional outcome. In this chapter, we discuss the history, various biomechanical properties of intramedullary nails, and the know-how of modern implants. Any nail, however, should not only be biocompatible but should overcome all stresses at t

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Antegrade and Retrograde Femoral Nailing,ry nail is a metal rod that is placed across the fracture and into the medullary cavity of a bone to give the damaged bone a strong support. The most effective method of treating femoral shaft fractures is intramedullary nailing (IMN). Early fixation within 24–48?h after systemically stable patients

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General Principles of Orthopaedic Plating and Overview,of years, the plates and screws have evolved into different sizes and shapes by different people. The material used for making the plates and screws also has improved in characteristics. A bone plate is a load-bearing device. Absolute stability is achieved when bone heals with primary healing. An id

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Conventional Orthopaedic Plating,nventional bone plates were once in common usage and are made of stainless steel 316?L grade. Plating provides secure fixation when the required number of cortices are held by using screws depending on the size of the bone. Conventional plating involves plating with or without interfragmentary screw

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Orthopedic Locking Plates,using dynamic compression plates has traditionally been considered the gold standard for many fractures. However, minimally invasive approaches combined with biologically friendly internal fixation have now become accepted methods for treating complex fractures. Orthopedic literature has shown advan

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Principles and Overview of External Fixators in Orthopaedic Traumatology, patients with fractures, but the indications of its use continued to evolve and presently it is used even as a definitive mode for fracture fixation to achieve union..External fixation primarily works as a stabilizing method using multiple pins inserted into the bone in various angles and planes an

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Use of External Fixation in Primary Management of Fractures,traction assemblies and founding doctrines of AO/ASIF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen) or the Association of the Study of Internal Fixation (ASIF) established in 1958. Application of the AO philosophy built on the four pillars of adequate Fracture reduction, appropriate Fracture fixatio

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Principles and Usage of Ilizarov Techniques in the Management of Fractures,or the management of non-unions, correction of deformities, osteomyelitis, etc. The fixator became popular in the rest of the world only in the 1980s. The Ilizarov fixator is very useful in the treatment of acute fractures, particularly when there is bone loss and a compromised soft tissue envelope.