Titlebook: Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense; Joseph N. Pelton,Firooz Allahdadi Reference work 2015 Springer International Publishing

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Basics of Solar and Cosmic Radiation and Hazardsparticles and electromagnetic radiation impacts Earth on a constant basis. The exact nature of this bombardment can be confusing to understand. This is because the blanket term of “cosmic radiation” includes not only intense and high-energy electromagnetic radiation in the form of gamma and X-rays b

Kinetic

Medical Concerns with Space Radiation and Radiobiological Effects a complex endeavor presently under active research and development. Hence, this chapter necessarily reflects present limitations and the need for research to make such exploration missions possible. The space radiation environment is introduced followed by a brief discussion of the radiobiology. Th

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Dana Elken Terrell,Cecily Resnick current terrestrial- and space-based systems. This includes any human occupants of space systems who may be exposed to this hazardous energy and radiation environment. Evidence of the deadly nature of these outbursts, and what followed, was clearly demonstrated in 1859 in what has become known as t

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自然環(huán)境

Understanding Doulas and Childbirthe away from the Sun into the interplanetary (IP) space, driven by the magnetic forces at the Sun. Solar energetic particles (SEPs) and geomagnetic storms are two primary CME consequences that drive space weather on and near Earth. This chapter summarizes current established knowledge of CME properti

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Microseismic Data Interpretation,ese can happen as often as six times a day. If the most extreme of these events are focused so they directly impact Earth, the force of impact can be the equivalent of a huge number of nuclear bombs that can generate an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) with devastating effect. Such a pulse could cripple

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Muffle

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8026-7h first Lagrange point upstream of Earth. The spacecraft has a full complement of instruments to measure the local magnetic and electric fields and thermal solar wind and high-energy charged particles at unprecedented high time resolutions. After nearly 20 years of operation, the spacecraft and most

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aunched in December 1995 and is currently funded at least through the end of 2016. SOHO’s 12 instruments observe and measure structures and processes occurring inside as well as outside the Sun and which reach well beyond Earth’s orbit into the heliosphere. While designed to study the “quiet” Sun, t