Titlebook: Handbook of Clinical Laboratory Testing During Pregnancy; Ann M. Gronowski Book 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2004 Diabete

桉樹

起波瀾

Markers of Fetal Lung Maturity,ure, although at differing rates. The production of adequate pulmonary surfactant is one of the last developments. This critical process, termed fetal lung maturity (FLM), can be accelerated or delayed by a number of fetal and maternal conditions.

Condescending

acheon

Chromosome Analysis in Prenatal Diagnosis,mniotic fluid (AF) by transcervical or transabdominal puncture, has been practiced since the 1930s. It was demonstrated in the mid- 1960s that human amniotic cells can be cultured and used for chromosome analysis and that the optimal timing for amniocentesis was around 16 wk gestation .,.. Amniocent

glacial

Diagnosis and Monitoring of Ectopic and Abnormal Pregnancies,hese pregnancies eventually progressing to spontaneous abortion. If sensitive assays for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are used, more than half of all pregnancies have been shown to end in abortion. Most of these abortions will not be recognized as they occur before or at the time of the next e

防御

Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy, evaluation of the mother and examines changes that occur both in normal pregnancy and thyroid disease states during pregnancy. A careful clinical review of the patient’s history, symptoms, and laboratory measurements will aid the physician in an accurate assessment of maternal thyroid status to avo

chondromalacia

PRE

Hematology and Hemostasis During Pregnancy, are beneficial to both the mother and the fetus. Plasma expansion in excess of increased red cell production leads to the anemia of pregnancy, and fetal and placental demands tax a mother’s iron and folate stores. Hemostatic changes are associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity and mo

prostate-gland

Obloquy

Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis of Congenital Infections,ct the maternal upper respiratory or gastrointestinal tract, and resolve without adverse impact on the mother or fetus. Of concern are infections with pathogens that enter the circulation and have the capacity to actively or passively traverse the placenta to infect the fetus.., these infections may