Titlebook: Geodesy Beyond 2000; The Challenges of th Klaus-Peter Schwarz Conference proceedings 2000 SPringer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000 Global ref

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The European Reference System coming of agek (+/-3mm in the horizontal component, +/-6mm in the height component)..Since 1995, emphasis has been placed on the height component, resulting in an extended and improved adjustment of the United European Leveling Network (UELN) and the establishment of the European Vertical GPS Reference Network (

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The 1999 GFZ pre-CHAMP high resolution gravity modelpherical harmonic degree and order for the full variance-covariance matrix will be extended to 140, compared to degree 100 for previous GFZ solutions and degree 70 for the EGM96 model. It can be shown by preliminary investigations, based on former satellite solutions, that, due to the extension of t

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Comparison and evaluation of the new Russian global geopotential model to degree 360 heights by use of the model developed is for most regions of Russia M. = ?20–25 cm. The test data that we used for model evaluations include geoid undulations (or height anomalies) determined from GPS positioning and level observations, global geopotential models EGM96, global marine gravity field

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Earth scale below a part per billion from Satellite Laser Ranging reduced to the current level of only a few millimeters. Advances in overall system accuracy, in conjunction with improved satellite, Earth, orbit perturbation and relativity modeling, now allows us to determine the value of the geocentric gravitational coefficient (GM) to less than a part per billi

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The IGEX-98- campaign: Highlights and perspectivepaign has involved a large international cooperation worldwide, including GLONASS, GPS and Laser observations and data processing. The goal of this paper is to present the scientific goals of the IGEX-98 campaign, to describe briefly its organization and also to present the preliminary results obtai

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Computation of precise GLONASS orbits for IGEX-98ed to compute precise orbits for all active GLONASS satellites. The campaign was initially scheduled for three months, but the activities still continue in September, 1999. One of the main reasons for this extension was the launch of three new GLONASS satellites at the end of the year 1998..The proc

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