Titlebook: Examining Neurocritical Patients; Eelco F. M. Wijdicks Book 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license

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Patterns: Interpreting Focal Findings,acutely ill neurologic patients. The findings of the neurologic examination of the neurocritically ill patient often have major consequences that lead to medical or surgical interventions; the decision to intervene may even be irrespective of neuroimaging results.

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Mimickers, Misleads, and Confounders,nually ask ourselves constantly whether our examination accurately reflects what is happening to the patient. Good clinical acumen may improve our intuition that something is not right. Misinterpretations may lead to overly pessimistic predictions that have serious consequences for outcome assessment.

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Declaring Brain Death,. Examination concentrates on testing of seven brainstem reflexes with circuitry going through the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. Ancillary tests can never replace a clinical examination. Errors relate to disregarding contributing confounders.

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Sorting Through Acute Neuromuscular Diseases,ermine which part of the motor unit is involved, (2) assess the vital signs, and (3) anticipate problems with both the pulmonary and cardiac pump. Patients with acute neuromuscular disorders may need critical care when there is mechanical respiratory failure, cardiac failure, or autonomic function failure.

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Clinical Course and Anticipating Outcome,what we do and based on findings on repeat clinical assessment. Outcome generally is determined at onset, but another injury from a complication may jeopardize the chances of full recovery. How a patient fares in the hospital in the following week is a major determinant of prognosis.

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