Titlebook: European Parliament’s Political Groups in Turbulent Times; Petra Ahrens,Anna Elom?ki,Johanna Kantola Book‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ 2022 The Editor(s) (if a

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培養(yǎng)

Digital Surveillance in Southern Africa, we develop a novel framework of four layers of political group formation and show that pervasive informal practices and norms in addition to the formal rules of the European Parliament (EP) shape political group formation processes. The four intertwined layers are characterised by differing democr

以煙熏消毒

2. Power Amplifier Linearization,eople’s Party (EPP) and the Socialists and Democrats (S&D). It argues that the organisational development of the groups has been triggered by external events, such as the introduction of direct elections, the mega-enlargement towards Central and Eastern Europe and the legislative empowerment of the

嘲笑

Integrated Design Validation System,rms of party-political competition between the groups. In this chapter, we extend questions about democracy to intra-group policy formation and ask, how do political groups formulate group lines on policies and what impact does this have on democratic decision-making in the EP. We approach intra-gro

agnostic

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6125-5now much less about the behaviour of Eurosceptics within legislatures. How does Eurosceptic contestation translate into voting behaviour? How do members of Eurosceptic parties engage in plenary debates? Do they stick to their peers when they vote and debate or do they form an untidy opposition? We e

OVERT

OVERT

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76750-1ic MEPs behave within an institution they criticise or even totally oppose and how the differences between Eurosceptics can be explained. This contribution aims to shed light on these questions by analysing the parliamentary behaviour of opposing voices in the 8th EP legislature (2014–2019). The ana

消音器

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00801-6ave influenced EU Treaty amendments while also proving inventive in designing new practices that have over time found their way into the Treaties. Drawing on interviews and parliamentary and party documents, this chapter explores the different avenues and strategies the three largest Europarties—Eur

cinder

壓碎

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3307-1. This chapter analyses the internal functioning of the parliament’s political groups from the perspective of gender equality. Rather than focusing on policies and policy-making processes, the chapter analyses the ways in which the political groups are perceived as gendered actors by MEPs and staff.