Titlebook: Europe since 1945; A Concise History J. Robert Wegs,Robert Ladrech,Katherine Kurzman,Pa Textbook 1996Latest edition Macmillan Publishers Li

心胸開闊

Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union in the 1970s, 1980s, and Beyond: The Quest for Legitimacy Failsed in the early 1970s, the serious worldwide economic downturn after the midseventies, coupled with the failures of economic planning in the Communist bloc, brought huge debts and economic chaos to Eastern Europe.

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與野獸博斗者

Toward the Twenty-first Century,eas colonialism. But most important was the end of the Cold War and the division of Europe. With the demise of Stalinism and Leninism and the end of Soviet rule, Eastern Europe and the successor states of the Soviet Union began to move toward more democratic forms of government and a closer association with Western Europe.

背景

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-33148-4rld War II. Europe’s weakened condition after the war, especially the collapse of the German center, made U.S. and USSR military might appear even more formidable. As we will see throughout the text, much of the history of the postwar years involves a European recapturing of the worldwide influence it had in 1900 but lost in 1945.

DECRY

Ausgangsprodukte für die Polyamide stilled demands for truly revolutionary political change. Parties on the left, kept from office by the improving economic conditions and their own revolutionary rhetoric, began to adopt reformist rather than revolutionary policies. Moderate reformers, such as Willy Brandt in West Germany, emerged as the new leaders of Socialist parties.