Titlebook: Essentials of Pension Economics; Sergio Nisticò Book 2019 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 Pension systems.old-age dep

Opiate

書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics影響因子(影響力)




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics影響因子(影響力)學科排名




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics網絡公開度




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics網絡公開度學科排名




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics被引頻次




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics被引頻次學科排名




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics年度引用




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics年度引用學科排名




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics讀者反饋




書目名稱Essentials of Pension Economics讀者反饋學科排名

小隔間

Sergio NisticòWritten by a leading expert in the field.Fills the gap between public economics textbooks and textbooks that address pensions in a more comprehensive manner.Presents a concise and up to date overview

Sedative

開始發(fā)作

CRANK

Favorable

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56735-8played by Bismarckian, earnings-related pensions, the latter by Beveridgean, flat-rate pensions. Alternatively, pensions can be computed through personal accounts recording either monetary contributions paid in the system or ‘points’ earned in one way or another before retirement. Fully funded syste

Favorable

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66667-9f a period by the value it had at the beginning of the period. Knowing the growth factor and the initial value of a variable, we can identify its future value. The present value of a variable equals its value at the end of the period divided by its growth factor. The growth rate of a financial capit

FAWN

感情脆弱

Corruption, Politics and Development the percentage of valorized earnings awarded as pension for each year of service. Indexation of existing pensions can be anchored either to wage or to CPI growth. Earnings-related pensions tend to award higher internal rate of returns (IRRs) to short and dynamic careers than to long and flat ones.

無法解釋