Titlebook: Environmental Impacts of Mountaineering; A Conceptual Framewo Michal Apollo Book 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Na

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Environmental Impacts of Mountaineering: General Introduction, three groups: (1) transformations caused by the mountaineer’s, or other people’s, stay in a mountaineering region; (2) transformations caused by the mountaineer’s travel (movement) through a mountaineering region, with the consideration of the ground type (rock, rock and grass, grass, residual soil

Focus-Words

Violations to the Geological Surface and Changes in Land Relief by Mountaineering Activity, the result of geology. However, the influence of mountaineering on land relief, vegetation, soil and even on animal habitats is undeniable. Depending on the type of activity and the zone it takes place in, mountaineering may increase the degradation (erosion) of tourist routes (paths and trails) an

Focus-Words

Changes in Soil Cover and Vegetation by Mountaineering Activity, of the changes, the stimulus (type of mountaineering), the intensity of use and, above all, the zone of impact, changes in soil cover and vegetation cover are described in this section in terms of two impact zones: (1) the hiking and trekking zones and (2) the climbing zone (see Fig. .).

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A Conceptual Framework for Investigating the Environmental Impacts of Mountaineering, to provide a comprehensive and systematic description of the major environmental impacts of mountaineering and to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework for examining those impacts. Thus, the final chapter finishes with a model of environmental effects of mountaineering on different environme