Titlebook: Environmental Impacts of Microbial Insecticides; Need and Methods for Heikki M. T. Hokkanen,Ann E. Hajek Book 2003 Springer Science+Busines

向下五度才偏

Altitude

Environmental Safety of Microsporidia analyses showed them to be aligned with the fungi (Keeling & Doolittle 1996; Germot .. 1997; Hirt .. 1999; Keeling .. 2000; Bouzat .. 2000), they are nevertheless a unique group of organisms that interact with their hosts in a variety of ways. Nearly 1,000 species of microsporidia have been describ

Cognizance

harangue

The Safety of Bacterial Microbial Agents Used for Black Fly and Mosquito Control in Aquatic Environmll life in the biosphere — water. Insects contribute to several levels of the food web in aquatic systems and a multitude of terrestrial organisms that, in turn, depend on them. In the 1970’s and 1980’s insects became the dominant forms used in freshwater investigations of basic ecological inquiry (

engrave

Counteract

Biocontrol Nematodes and ., respectively. Not considered is the rhabditid nematode ., which is pathogenic to slugs (. spp.) when cultured on the bacteria . or a specific strain of . (Wilson .. 1995 a, b). . is used since 1995 in house gardens in Northern Europe. Data on the risk related to the use of this nematode are

招人嫉妒

Ecological Insights into Factors Affecting the Non-Target Impact of Microbial Control Agentss specific problems and attributes which apply to the individual taxa discussed, there are a number of common features which characterise inundative biocontrol using microbial agents, and the risks associated with this. In this chapter we use some simple population models to explore some of these co

Preserve

opprobrious

A Critical History of Economicslication of these biocontrol agents safe for the personnel involved (e.g., toxic metabolites) and for the general public, in case of their usage on edible crops? As a consequence, microbial control agents have been subject to regulatory approval (e.g., EU Directive 91/414). Macroscopic organisms use

Chandelier

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230305274ntal risk is to non-target invertebrates. The effects of entomopathogenic fungi on non-targets organisms (NTOs) have, however, only recently been investigated under field conditions (e.g. Peveling .. 1994, 1999; Hajek & Goettel 2000; Vestergaard & Eilenberg 2000; Goettel .. 2001). In this chapter, w