Titlebook: Environmental Economics; Theory and Policy in Hans Wiesmeth Textbook 2022Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), un

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Differing Views on the Environmenteographic area, the climatic conditions, and the density and growth of the population – to cite just a few relevant factors. Moreover, the . of environmental problems and the . towards the environment seem to depend critically on the state of the economy with consequences for tackling cross-border e

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The International Dimension of the Environmentminate, international negotiations on political, economic and ecological issues. This chapter outlines the international environmental negotiations on these transboundary environmental issues, including the environmental pressures associated with globalization. Thereafter, the . (UNCED) in 1992 with

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Basics of Environmental Economicsong term. It is therefore quite natural to integrate the “environment” into the economic system, to analyze the “environment” in the context of the economic allocation problems that are and have been relevant to each economic system in each period. The concept of . refers precisely to this situation

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Allocation Problems in a Market Economytially limited to the case of an economy with private commodities on regular markets, which serves as a “benchmark”. After that the investigations are extended to an economy which includes environmental or external effects. The formal model, adapted to specific externalities, shows the impact of env

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From Theory to Policy: Information Deficitsental commodities are in principle available. The main tools recommend . with instruments such as the . or a .. Alternatively, the assignment of . in the context of the . can prove helpful in redirecting market forces to an efficient allocation. Given this theoretical framework, this chapter illustr

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Command-and-Control Policynown efficient levels of certain environmental commodities. The necessity to choose appropriate standards contributes substantially towards environmental policy developing into a separate policy area, competing with economic policy, labor market policy and others for financial and public support. Th

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The Price-Standard Approach to Environmental Policyand their information. This corresponds to . the environmental effects through . the market system. The price-standard approach, by decentralizing decisions, thus “imitates” the pricemechanism to reach the standards. As known from Part II, this can be achieved by means of a ., which can be interpret

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International Environmental Commodities and the Principal-Agent-Approachntal commodities. More or less detailed cost sharing proposals are part of the international climate agreements and thus become relevant “mechanisms”. For strategic goals the negotiations, which precede these international agreements, are gaining increasing importance. For example, a country wants t