Titlebook: Energy Metabolism in Farm Animals; Effects of housing, M. W. A. Verstegen,A. M. Henken Book 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 19

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integral

The Influence of Climatic Environment on Sowsgulation of heat loss and thermoneutrality are discussed. The following items are discussed for sows:.A sow should be fed at least 420 kJ ME/kg. for maintenance. At ambient temperatures below 21°C she should be fed an extra 17 kJ/°C/day/kg. to account for the extra thermoregulatory demand..If a sow

Estrogen

Thermal Requirements of Growing Pigs from Birth to Slaughterber of studies thermal requirements have been derived. These requirements have been quantified in terms of lower critical temperature, extra thermal heat requirement and depression in rate of gain..Critical temperatures of young piglets are reduced from about 31–34°C at birth to 20°C at 20 kg. Weani

barium-study

A Formula to Describe the Relation between Heat Production at Thermoneutral as well as below Thermonhermoneutrality and one for data of conditions below the thermoneutral zone. In this study a continuous model is developed to describe the relation in the thermoneutral zone and below the critical temperature (Tcr) simultaneously. Data on energy balances as reported by Close (1970) and Verstegen (19

impale

Effect of Environmental Temperature and Air Velocity Two Days Preslaughtering on Heat Production, We of these four thermal conditions was tested at two air velocities (0.2 and 0.8 m/s, respectively)..Live weight loss in pigs housed at 24°C was significantly higher than that in pigs housed at 16°C. During their stay of 44 hrs in the calorimeters the pigs drank on average 4.6 ± 2.4 l/pig. while they

羊齒

Effects of Climatic Conditions on Energy Metabolism and Performance of Calvesummit metabolism. Nevertheless, high-vitality calves can withstand low ambient temperatures, whereas premature or dystocial calves are unable to increase their heat production to compensate for their high heat loss and they become hypothermic..During the rearing period, the energy expenditures and t

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Climatic Conditions and Energy Metabolism of Laying Hens. The physiological and production responses are at the same time depending on the factors: breed, age, body weight, activity, feathering, food intake, nutritional and temperature history..The mass exponent in the metabolic body weight unit, which is used for intraspecific comparison, varies general

preeclampsia

Climatic Environment and Energy Metabolism in Broilersre discussed. The thermal requirement of chickens is related to both environmental and internal factors..Quantitatively, physical activity accounts for the highest waste of dietary energy. It is released as heat to the environment. Muscular activity in combination with active behaviour is one of the

BLA

Heat Tolerance of One-Day Old Chickens with Special Reference to Conditions during Airtransport128 chickens each) it was determined how heat production, weight loss, water loss and yolk loss are related to the dry and wet bulb temperature (T. and T. respectively). Heat production increased with T. (28.8 to 39.5°C) and T. (22.0 to 32.7°C). The effective temperature (T.) could be calculated as

Creatinine-Test

Basic Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosisce..Utilization of feed energy involves energy losses with faeces, urine, combustible gases and heat. A survey is given on how and to what extent feed energy is converted into metabolizable energy (ME) and how efficiently the ME is utilized for maintenance, work and synthesis — growth, milk, eggs wo