Titlebook: Endoscopic Procedures on the Spine; Jin-Sung Kim,Jun Ho Lee,Yong Ahn Book 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 endoscopic procedur

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Ton J. Cleophas,Aeilko H. Zwindermanpinal endoscopic procedures..The expression endoscopy is based on the two Greek words ?νδον (éndon)?=?inside and σκοπε?ν (skopein)?=?to observe. Philipp Bozzini invented a candle-illuminated device to inspect ears and other body orifices whereas in 1853 Desormeaux developed an advanced device and fo

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-88946-1ents enable minimally invasive posterior cervical foraminotomy. Minimizing disruption of posterior cervical structures during the procedures may improve the short-term and long-term outcomes of the posterior approaching surgery. In this chapter we are going to introduce posterior percutaneous endosc