Titlebook: Endodontic Diagnosis, Pathology, and Treatment Planning; Mastering Clinical P Bobby Patel Book 2015 Springer International Publishing Switz

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Cystic and Non-cystic Lesions at the Peri-apex of the Teeth,i-apical abscess, peri-apical pocket cysts, radicular cysts, extra-radicular infections, foreign body reactions and fibrous scar tissue typically present as unilocular peri-apical radiolucencies of varying size and degrees of circumscription. The need to differentiate can only be based on a careful

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Ethics and Law,sionally the dentist may be open to litigation on the basis of clinical negligence. Failure to communicate with patients about the procedure and not obtaining consent for treatment is a key area of complaint, as is inadequate record keeping. When treatment is undertaken within the framework of accep

巧思

Endodontic Emergencies,appropriate management. Delayed or inappropriate treatment may result in sepsis or airway embarrassment requiring a surgical airway (tracheostomy), inotropic support and close monitoring, on an intensive care unit. The anatomical basis of the spread of these infections and techniques relevant to the

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Treatment Planning and the Decision-Making Process, encountered in clinical practice. Correct treatment planning involves establishing whether the tooth in question is restorable and periodontally sound, the patient is able to tolerate the proposed treatment and the clinician has the skills required to perform the necessary treatment.

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Endodontic Armamentarium,ray of files has emerged for negotiating and shaping canals principally based on either stainless steel or nickel–titanium alloys. Manufacturers are constantly developing file systems intended to improve on previous generations with proven performance features based on past and recent technological

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Antibiotics Use in Endodontics, in endodontics are limited, since most intra-canal poly-microbial endodontic infections are best managed by nonsurgical endodontic treatments. Overprescribing should be avoided in light of increasing antibiotic resistance and risk of drug hypersensitivity in those cases where antibiotics are not wa

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Examination and Diagnosis,nditions. An assessment of the patient history with respect to the problem tooth, careful clinical examination including diagnostic tests and appropriate radiographs will enable the clinician to arrive at the best probable diagnosis.