Titlebook: Employment Planning in the Soviet Union; Continuity and Chang Silvana Malle Book 1990 Silvana Malle 1990 employment.employment growth.labou

謙卑

ALLAY

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75729-2t, does not need to entail redundancies. This chapter discusses the meaning of labour-saving in Soviet planning, draws attention to the indicators used to convey labour-saving signals to the enterprises and examines the utilisation of limits on employment set from above.

Dictation

Introduction: From Rhyme to Reason,h do not favour modernising schemes, and often prevent the seeds of reform from developing to their full potential. This chapter examines the relationship between wages, employment and productivity and presents the main lines of the new wage policy against the background of traditional Soviet wage theory and practice.

placebo

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9380-1xible indicators. More radical reforms are scheduled for the last decade of the century. Labour shortages have for the first time posed a serious challenge to the raison d’être of Soviet economic planning, its means and its targets.

阻止

實(shí)施生效

Damian Cox,Michael Levine,Saul Newman capacity utilisation every two to three years. The ministries provide their own capacity estimates together with the approved output plans, which tend to underrate installed capacity and consequently overestimate the rate of capacity utilisation.

誰(shuí)在削木頭

Labour Redeployment: Trends and Institutions,for non-economic reasons, such as cultural background) do not respond to planned inducements. Small changes are less costly from any point of view, but they need a flexible environment which the centralised economy does not provide.

NIL

Production Capacity Utilisation and Knowledge, capacity utilisation every two to three years. The ministries provide their own capacity estimates together with the approved output plans, which tend to underrate installed capacity and consequently overestimate the rate of capacity utilisation.

聽寫

彎腰