Titlebook: Elements of Finite Model Theory; Leonid Libkin Textbook 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004 Automat.Variable.automata.complexity.c

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杠桿

,Ehrenfeucht-Fra?ssé Games,ht-Fra?ssé games for first-order logic. We prove the EhrenfeuchtFra?ssé theorem, characterizing the expressive power of FO via games, and introduce the notion of types, which will be central throughout the book.

樂意

Ordered Structures,e ordered; on numbers we have arithmetic operations, on strings we have concatenation, substring tests, and so on. As query languages routinely use those operations, one may want to study them in the context of FO.

產(chǎn)生

價值在貶值

Monadic Second-Order Logic and Automata,esses some NP-complete problems, but at the same time cannot express graph connectivity. Then we restrict our attention to strings and trees, and show that, over them, MSO captures regular string and tree languages. We explore the connection with automata to prove further definability and complexity results.

碌碌之人

Zero-One Laws,lso see that the “almost everywhere” behavior of logics is drastically different from their “everywhere” behavior. For example, while satisfiability in the finite is undecidable, it is decidable if a sentence is true in almost all finite models.

碌碌之人

Other Applications of Finite Model Theory,of certain logics on some special finite structures (Kripke structures). And finally, it was recently discovered that many constraint satisfaction problems can be reduced to the existence of a homomorphism between two finite structures.

detach

Abduct

Boycott

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09087-7re complexity classes. We then study definability and ordering of types in finite variable logics, and use these techniques to relate separating complexity classes to separating sonic fixed point logics over unordered structures.