Titlebook: Eco Targets, Goal Functions, and Orientors; Felix Müller,Maren Leupelt Conference proceedings 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998

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dura-mater

Ecological Orientors: Emergence of Basic Orientors in Evolutionary Self-Organizationcharacterized by particular physical conditions, sparse resources, variety, variability, change, and other systems. The need for balanced satisfaction of essential system values, i.e. basic orientors (existence, effectiveness, freedom of action, security, adaptability, coexistence) emerges in respon

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Thermodynamic Orientors: Exergy as a Goal Function in Ecological Modeling and as an Ecological Indicvelopment of structural dynamic models. It is discussed that the concept can be used as a translation of Darwin’s theory to thermodynamics which leads to the formulation of a fourth law of thermodynamic: as a system receives a through-flow of exergy, the system will utilize this exergy to move away

前兆

Thermodynamic Orientors: Exergy as a Holistic Ecosystem Indicator: A Case Studynges in species composition and trophic structure at other levels may often occur, and through time a new trophic structure might be selected. In structurally dynamic models such changes may be simulated using goal functions to guide ecosystem behavior and development. The selection of other species

系列

Thermodynamic Orientors: How to Use Thermodynamic Concepts in Ecologyhe ecosystem’s behavior in the terms of physics (and particularly, thermodynamics); and what kind of physical criteria can be used for the estimation of anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems? From the viewpoint of thermodynamics, any ecosystem is an open system far from thermodynamic equilibrium, in w

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Fierce

Network Orientors: Steps Toward a Cosmography of Ecosystems: Orientors for Directional Development, racting agents; their abiotic agents respond to physical stimuli, whereas their biota make models and respond to these. Ecosystems are collections of their agents’ environments (P3) superimposed on a large-number web (P4) of complex and intricate (P5) pathways. These pathways partition the constitue

步履蹣跚

A Utility Goal Function Based On Network Synergismnts, when integrated across a whole-system organization, translate into integral (direct plus indirect) relationships that are more positive than the local ones (Fath and Patten, in press). Ecosystems on the whole provide hospitable conditions for life. These positive relationships are observed in t

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