Titlebook: Development of the Auditory System; Edwin W. Rubel,Arthur N. Popper,Richard R. Fay Book 1998 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. 1998 Mammalia.

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處理

Early Embryology of the Vertebrate Ear,ody” (Swanson, Howard, and Lewis 1990). The initial morphological event in ear development in all vertebrates is the formation of the embryonic otic placode, a thickening of the head ectoderm in the region of the developing hindbrain. Through interaction with and incorporation of tissue from several

LARK

胎兒

The Development of Cochlear Function,lls and the neural encoding at the periphery place constraints on the acoustic features that are available for further processing by auditory neurons in the brain. At birth, the cochlea in most altricial mammals is still very immature. It is effectively unresponsive to sound and generates little sus

OVERT

The Development of Central Auditory Processing, (Bregman 1990; Handel 1990; Yost 1991). However, our understanding of the developmental processes that underlie auditory perception remains rudimentary. This chapter focuses on developmental mechanisms that contribute to central auditory processing of acoustic stimuli. The term . will refer to the

OVERT

Structural Development of the Mammalian Auditory Pathways,ditory brain stem, and each forms precisely organized connections with other brain stem nuclei or with the auditory structures of the forebrain. A detailed knowledge of the development of the relevant structures and circuitry is required before the mechanisms leading to that development can be under

者變

Financing of Schools and Material Resourcesoustic ganglion, later in development called the cochleovestibular ganglion, the octaval, or the otic ganglion (probably the most appropriate terminology), which contributes to cranial nerve VIII and to the specialized sensory structures known as hair cells (Fig. 3.1).

languor

Schooling in the Age of Austerityetermining the extent to which maturational changes in auditory perception, spontaneous activity, and central responses to sound originate within the cochlea and to what degree these changes reflect the development of central synaptic processes remains a formidable challenge.

Excitotoxin