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Titlebook: Density Matrix Theory and Applications; Karl Blum Book 19962nd edition Springer Science+Business Media New York 1996 Matrix.Matrix Theory.

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發(fā)表于 2025-3-21 17:34:29 | 只看該作者 |倒序瀏覽 |閱讀模式
書目名稱Density Matrix Theory and Applications
編輯Karl Blum
視頻videohttp://file.papertrans.cn/266/265637/265637.mp4
叢書名稱Physics of Atoms and Molecules
圖書封面Titlebook: Density Matrix Theory and Applications;  Karl Blum Book 19962nd edition Springer Science+Business Media New York 1996 Matrix.Matrix Theory.
描述Quantum mechanics has been mostly concerned with those states of systems that are represented by state vectors. In many cases, however, the system of interest is incompletely determined; for example, it may have no more than a certain probability of being in the precisely defined dynamical state characterized by a state vector. Because of this incomplete knowledge, a need for statistical averaging arises in the same sense as in classical physics. The density matrix was introduced by J. von Neumann in 1927 to describe statistical concepts in quantum mechanics. The main virtue of the density matrix is its analytical power in the construction of general formulas and in the proof of general theorems. The evaluation of averages and probabilities of the physical quantities characterizing a given system is extremely cumbersome without the use of density matrix techniques. The representation of quantum mechanical states by density matrices enables the maximum information available on the system to be expressed in a compact manner and hence avoids the introduction of unnecessary variables. The use of density matrix methods also has the advan- tage of providing a uniform treatment of all qua
出版日期Book 19962nd edition
關鍵詞Matrix; Matrix Theory; molecular physics; quantum theory; scattering
版次2
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4931-1
isbn_softcover978-1-4419-3257-0
isbn_ebook978-1-4757-4931-1
copyrightSpringer Science+Business Media New York 1996
The information of publication is updating

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Quantum Theory of Relaxation, state determined by external conditions such as temperature. This gradual evolution into an equilibrium state is called a .. In the present chapter we will consider some methods for studying processes of this kind.
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Design-Technology and Sustainabilityoperators. This method provides a well-developed and efficient way of using the inherent symmetry of the system. It also enables the consequences of angular momentum conservation to be simply allowed for and enables dynamical and geometrical factors in the equation of interest to be separated from each other.
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Thomas Poehlke,Ingo Flenker,Heiner Busch momenta: for example, focusing by external electric fields, optical pumping by polarized laser excitation, or rotational cooling in supersonic expansions (see, for example, the reviews by Herschbach, 1992; Friedrich .., 1991; Scoles, 1988).
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R. H?nsel,K. Keller,B. Zepernick state determined by external conditions such as temperature. This gradual evolution into an equilibrium state is called a .. In the present chapter we will consider some methods for studying processes of this kind.
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