Titlebook: Cryptococcus neoformans; Methods and Protocol Erin E. McClelland Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive

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Interaction Between Macrophages and ,: Distinguishing Phagocytosed Versus External Fungia niche in which facultative intracellular parasites, such as ., thrive. Consequently, phagocytosis of cryptococcal cells and its outcomes are very frequently studied. One major issue with several of the tests used for this, however, is that macrophage–. interaction does not always result in phagocy

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Detection and Quantification of , Uptake by Phagocytic Cells Using Imaging Flow Cytometryand life-threatening infections of the central nervous system. Following inhalation of yeasts or desiccated basidiospores into the lung alveoli, resident pulmonary phagocytic cells aid in the identification and eradication of . yeast through their arsenal of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRR

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Two Methods of Measuring , Fungal Burden in Macrophages such, measuring fungal burden of . strains—and indeed how drug treatments can influence fungal burden—provides important information about . pathogenesis. In this chapter, we describe two methods that may be used to appraise fungal burden: a standard end-point colony-formation assay for calculating

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Two Methods of Measuring , Fungal Burden in Macrophagesesis. In this chapter, we describe two methods that may be used to appraise fungal burden: a standard end-point colony-formation assay for calculating the average number of yeast per host cell and a fluorescence microscopy-based method that may be used to measure changes in fungal burden in individual living macrophages in real time.

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Xiaohuan Shan,Xiyi Shi,Wenyuan Ma,Junlu Wangof macrophages, or yeast killing. Differentiating internalized versus external . cells is thus essential to evaluate monocyte–macrophage phagocytosis. We describe here a protocol that allows quantification of . spp. phagocytosis using quantitative flow cytometry in human monocytes and a murine macrophage cell line (J774).

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1064-3745 ation advice from the experts.This volume explores the latest developments in the study of .Cryptococcus neoformans .and its pathology, along with discussion on newly used therapeutics. The chapters in this book cover a wide range of protocols commonly used in .Cryptococcus. research such as animal

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Reservoir Development Principle,ens to discover new genes involved in fungal biology. A detailed protocol to conduct this transformation method is provided in the chapter. Scope for modifications and the benefits and disadvantages of using .MT in . species are also presented.