Titlebook: Creating R&D Incentives for Medicines for Neglected Diseases; An Economic Analysis Frank Müller-Langer Book 2009 Gabler Verlag | Springer F

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,Grundzüge zukünftiger Mobilit?t,In the first part of this chapter, we shall provide a survey of the formal microeconomic literature on the introduction of patent protection in the developing world.

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冷淡周邊

Postulate

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Conclusion and Ideas for Further Research,Infectious diseases kill 14 million people around the world every year, with 90 percent of these deaths occurring in the developing world. Furthermore, in the last 25 years, almost 1,400 new medicines have been developed, but only 1 percent of these were for tropical diseases which particularly afflict people in developing countries.

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,Grundzüge zukünftiger Mobilit?t,infectious and tropical diseases. Furthermore, even if patent protection provided an adequate incentive mechanism to successfully stimulate R&D, there would still remain the problem that patented medicines may not be affordable for large groups of consumers in poor countries.

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Infrastrukturen der Stromversorgung, intellectual property (IP). In particular, the TRIPS Agreement is a result of the negotiations of the Uruguay Round (1986-1994), which finalized the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) by creating the World Trade Organization (WTO) on January 1, 1995.

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Infrastrukturen der Stromversorgung,l focus on patent races, the deadweight loss on monopolistic markets associated with patents, and the tragedy of the anticommons. In particular, we will contribute to the formal literature on the tragedy of the anticommons by generalizing the model originally formulated by Schulz et al. (2002).