Titlebook: Control of Human Voluntary Movement; John Rothwell Book 1994Latest edition John Rothwell 1994 adaptation.anatomy.cortex.muscle.pathophysio

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The motor unit, chapter is concerned with the internal organization of single muscles. A muscle does not consist of an homogeneous population of muscle fibres: there are several different types of fibre within muscle, each of which have different mechanical properties. Thus the range of operation of the whole musc

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Proprioceptors in muscles, joints and skin,feet, they do not supply any information as to the orientation of the body with respect to gravity; they only signal the position of one part of the body with respect to another. The receptors involved lie in the muscles (spindles and Golgi tendon organs), the joints and the skin. In this chapter, o

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Investigating reflex pathways and their function,scientists in 1875 by Erb and Westphal. Initially the tendon jerk was regarded as the direct response of muscle to percussion. However, when Sherrington demonstrated that the quadriceps jerk in the cat could be abolished by dorsal root section, the reflex nature of the response was confirmed. Later

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The cerebellum, this remarkable organ. Lesions of the cerebellum do not produce muscle weakness nor disorders of perception. However, they do produce disturbances of coordination in limb and eye movements, as well as disorders of posture and muscle tone. Despite the lack of any direct efferent connections between

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The basal ganglia,ly, its use has become restricted to five closely related nuclei: caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra (Figure 11.1). The basal ganglia receive no direct sensory inputs and, like the cerebellum, send no direct motor output to the spinal cord. However, there is