Titlebook: Connexins; A Guide Andrew L. Harris,Darren Locke Book 2009 Humana Press 2009 biochemistry.biology.chemistry.development.genes.membrane.morp

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Ubiquitous and Pervasive Commerceively for homomeric Cx26 and Cx32 hemichannels. These studies have shown that difference in gating polarity of Cx26 and Cx32 hemichannels results from a difference in the charge of the second amino acid residue. The voltage polarity to which Cx32 hemichannels close can be reversed by negative charge

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https://doi.org/10.1007/11551201nly to astrocytes, most via heterotypic Cx43–Cx47 or Cx30–Cx32 junctions. These junctions, along with those between astrocytes, may play a role in spatial buffering of K. ions and neurotransmitters, and may influence severity of tissue damage during ischemia. Mutations in CX47 cause Pelizaeus Merzba

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The Family of Connexin Genes in the mouse genome. Most connexin genes contain the protein coding region in a single exon. Variations in promoter usage and splicing of 5’-untranslated exons contribute to regulation of connexin expression. Connexin gene promoters contain binding sites for both cell type–independent and cell type

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Gap Junction Channel Structuremetric ring of connexin monomers. The connexins constitute a multigene family of polytopic membrane proteins that have four transmembrane hydrophobic domains, M1 to M4, two extracellular loops, E1 and E2, with the amino terminus and carboxyl terminus located cytoplasmically. There is a single cytopl

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The Connexin Channel Pore: Pore-Lining Segments and Residuesrane. Conductance and selectivity properties of connexin channels are diverse. A number of studies have attempted to define the connexin pore in molecular terms and to reveal the key elements of the pore structure that may differ across connexins. These studies include point mutagenesis, domain exch

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Voltage-Gating Mechanisms of Connexin Channelstercellular (junctional) channels are sensitive to two orientations of applied voltage: inside-out or transmembrane voltage (V. or V.), and transjunctional voltage (V.). At least two voltage-gating mechanisms operate in both intercellular channels and in unapposed hemichannels. The V. or fast-gating