Titlebook: Complex Systems and Self-organization Modelling; Cyrille Bertelle (Professor),Gérard H.E. Duchamp ( Book 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heide

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The Evolution Process of Geographical Database within Self-Organized Topological Propagation Areare practical aspect, GIS has now to evolve to manage updating. We will explain how the updating processes can be described as an evolution processus for GIS and transform them from complicated systems to complex systems.