Titlebook: Coastal Marine Ecosystems of Latin America; Ulrich Seeliger,Bj?rn Kjerfve Book 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001 Bay.Coast.Coral

貧窮地活

HALO

The Gulf of Honduras,cent earthquake (6.6 on the Richter scale). The tectonic plate boundary between North and South American lithospheric plates is marked by the Cayman Trench, which bisects the Gulf from northeast to southwest and stretches landward into the Motagua watershed at the Guatemala-Honduras border. As a res

fetter

Altitude

,The Itamaracá Estuarine Ecosystem, Brazil,l as reefs and sand banks north of the Catuama and south of the Orange entrance, form a semi-open elongated lagoon-like environment (“inner sea”) which restricts the exchange of water between the Santa Cruz Channel and offshore areas (Medeiros and Kjerfve 1993; Fig. 5.1).

sparse

The Abrolhos Reefs of Brazil,pe of 0°08′ and the shelf edge at about 70 m. The topography of the inner shelf is smooth and flat while narrow channels and sandbanks are common on the middle and outer shelves. A shallow (Caravelas Channel 15 m) and a deeper (Abrolhos Channel 20–30 m) channel separate the coast from the coastal re

anagen

The Cabo Frio Upwelling System, Brazil, to the continental slope and on variations in frequency and intensity of NE winds. During strong upwelling, SACW advances beyond the continental slope and invades the shelf to depths of about 50–80 m where is remains until April (mid-fall). The second stage of upwelling, mainly from September to Ma

mediocrity

,Baía de Guanabara, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil,unoff measures 125 m3 s. and peaks in January. Tides are mixed and mainly semidiurnal with a range of 0.7 m, and peak spring tidal currents reach 0.5 m s. inside the bay and 1.6 m s. in the bay entrance. The passage of northward propagating polar fronts occasionally results in strong winds from the

Intruder

,The Subtropical Estuarine Complex of Paranaguá Bay, Brazil, ridge plains east of Paranaguá, respectively (Angulo 1992; Angulo and Lessa 1997). An extensive coastal plain surrounds Paranaguá Bay and the upper reaches of the bay originate about 50km inland at the piedmont of the Serra do Mar mountain range. Mangrove swamps and marshes mainly fringe the interi

Melatonin

evaculate

,The Río de la Plata Estuary, Argentina-Uruguay,sh system with an area of about 22,000 km., both depths (5–25 m) and section width increase concomitantly (Fig. 13.1). However, the mixohaline area increases to about 38,000 km. if based on the mean position of the 30 isohaline (Guerrero et al. 1997a,b). The limit between mixohaline waters and conti